Seed classification using machine vision
نویسنده
چکیده
Shatadal, P., Jayas, D.S., Hehn, J.L. and Bulley, N.R. 1995. Seed classification using machine vision. Can. Agric. Eng. 37:163-167. This paper reports the results of applying digital image analysis in conjunction with statistical pattern recognition to measure the size and shape features of various seed types and to classify them into the primary grain, small seed, and large seed categories. The seed types used in each category were: hard red spring (HRS) wheat and barley as primary grains; canola, brown mustard, yellow mustard, oriental mustard, and flaxseed as small seeds; and 'Laird' lentils, 'Eston' lentils, pea beans, green peas, black beans, and buckwheat as large seeds. The objective of the study was to assess the classification success in identifying HRS wheat and barley from other small and large seeds using morphological features. Orientation of the kernels for camera viewing was random. The kernels were, however, positioned manually in a non-touching manner. Hard red spring wheat and barley were correctly identified from all other seed types with more than 99% accuracy. Small and large seed categories were successfully discriminated from each other. Within each of the small and large seed groups, however, the classification was poor with up to 54.7% misclassification in small seed group and up to 30.3% misclassification in the large seed group. Canola yielded the worst classification with only 45.3% of canola seeds correctly discriminated from other small seeds. eet article contient les resultats d'application de l'analyse d'images digitales en conjonction avec la reconnaissance statistique de formes, pour mesurer la grandeur et les caracteristiques de la forme de differents types de graines, et pour les classifier dans Ie categories suivantes: graines primaires, petites graines et grosses graines. Les types de graines utilises pour chaque categorie etaient: ble de force roux du printemps et orge pour les graines primaires; canola, moutarde noire, moutarde jaune, moutarde chinoise, et lin pour les petites graines; et lentilles 'Laird', lentilles 'Eston', reves apois, pois verts, reves noires, et sarrasin pour les grosses graines. L'objectif de I'etude etait d'etablir Ie taux de succes de la classification en differenciant Ie ble de force roux du printemps et l'orge des autres petites et grosses graines, en utilisant des caracteristiques morphologiques. L'orientation des grains par rapport a la camera etait aleatoire. Les graines etaient toutefois disposees manuellement de fa~on aeviter qu' elles se touchent. Le ble de force roux du printemps et I'orge ont ete correctement identifies par rapport atous les autres types de graine. avec une exactitude de plus de 99%. Les categories de petites et grosses graines ont ete discriminees les unes des autres avec succes. Toutefois, a l'interieur de chacun des groupes de petites et grosses graines, la classification a ete moins bonne; Ie taux de mauvaise classification a grimpe jusqu' a 54.7% dans Ie groupe de petites graines. et a atteint 30.3% pour les grosses graines. Les pires taux de classification ont ete obtenus avec Ie canola, pour lequel seulement 45.3% des graines ont ete discriminees correctement des autres graines.
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